Geotechnical Investigation

A geotechnical investigation is a scientific study of the physical properties of soil, rock, and groundwater at a construction site. It’s a key step in the engineering process. 

Purpose 

• To ensure safe and efficient structural design
• To determine how the materials will interact with the planned structure
• To help determine the appropriate foundation type, depth, and design

How it’s done 

• Surface and subsurface exploration
• Soil sampling and laboratory tests
• Geophysical methods
• Boring and drilling
• Standard penetration tests
• Groundwater level recording

Applications 

• Design of foundations, slopes, embankments, retaining walls, and tunnels
• Repair of distress to earthworks and structures
• Measurement of the thermal resistance of soils or backfill materials

Who does it 

• Geotechnical engineers or engineering geologists perform geotechnical investigations

Why it’s important 

• Geotechnical investigations are important in any construction occurring on the surface of or within the ground.